Inaliti ye-AV ye-Fistula ye-Hemodialysis: Isicelo, i-Advantages, ubukhulu, kunye neentlobo

Iinaliti ze-Arteriovenous (AV) ze-fistuladlala indima ebalulekileyo kwihemodialysis, unyango olugcina ubomi kwizigulana ezinokusilela kwezintso. Ezi naliti zisetyenziselwa ukufikelela kwigazi lomguli nge-AV fistula, uxhulumaniso olwenziwe ngotyando phakathi komthambo kunye nomthambo, okuvumela ukuhamba kwegazi ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha lokucofa. Eli nqaku liza kuphonononga isicelo, izibonelelo, ubukhulu, kunye neentlobo zeenaliti ze-AV ze-fistula ukubonelela ngombono obanzi wesi sixhobo sonyango esiyimfuneko.

Ukusetyenziswa kweeNaliti ze-AV Fistula kwi-Hemodialysis

Inaliti ye-AV fistula yenzelwe ngokukodwa izigulane eziphantsi kwe-hemodialysis. I-AV fistula, eyenziwe kwingalo yesigulane, isebenza njengendawo yokufikelela ixesha elide kwinkqubo ye-dialysis. Ngexesha le-hemodialysis, inaliti ye-AV fistula ifakwe kwi-fistula, ivumela igazi ukuba liphume emzimbeni ukuya kumatshini we-dialysis, apho lihluzwa kwaye libuyiselwe kwisigulane.

Umsebenzi ophambili wale naliti kukubonelela ngofikelelo olusebenzayo noluthembekileyo lwemithambo ukuvumela ukuhamba kwegazi okufanelekileyo, okubalulekileyo kwinkqubo ye-dialysis yokususa i-toxins kunye nolwelo olugqithisileyo egazini ngokufanelekileyo. Ukufakwa kwenaliti ye-AV ye-fistula kufuna ukuchaneka kunye nokunyamekela, njengoko ukubeka okungalunganga kunokubangela iingxaki, ezifana nokungena (xa inaliti ingena eludongeni lwegazi), ukuphuma kwegazi, okanye ukusuleleka.

Izinto ezilungileyo zeIinaliti ze-AV Fistula

Iinaliti ze-AV ze-fistula zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi kumxholo we-hemodialysis, ngakumbi xa isetyenziswe kunye ne-fistula edalwe ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokugcinwa. Ezinye iingenelo eziphambili ziquka:

1. Ukufikelela ngokuthembekileyo kwi-Blood Flow: Iinaliti ze-AV ze-fistula zenzelwe ukubonelela ngokuzinzileyo, ukufikelela kwexesha elide le-vascular. I-fistula ivumela amazinga aphezulu okuhamba kwegazi, okuyimfuneko kwi-dialysis esebenzayo. Ukusebenzisa ezi naliti kuqinisekisa ukufikelela okufanelekileyo kwigazi kwaye kunceda ukugcina umgangatho weseshoni ye-dialysis.

2. UkuNcitshiswa koMngcipheko woSulelo: Xa kuthelekiswai-catheters ye-venous ephakathi(CVCs) ezisetyenziselwa i-dialysis, iinaliti ze-AV fistula zibeka ingozi ephantsi yosulelo. Ekubeni i-AV fistula idalwe kwimithambo yegazi yesigulana, umngcipheko wosulelo olufana ne-bacteremia uyancipha kakhulu.

3. Ukwenyuka koKuhlala ixesha elide: I-AV fistula ngokwayo yindlela ehlala ixesha elide kunye nexesha elide lokufikelela kwi-vascular kunezinye iindlela, ezifana ne-synthetic grafts okanye i-CVCs. Idityaniswe neenaliti ze-AV ze-fistula ezilungiselelwe kakuhle, le ndlela yokufikelela ingasetyenziselwa iminyaka, ukunciphisa imfuno yokuhlinzwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

4. Imilinganiselo yokuPhuculwa kweGazi ephuculweyo: iinaliti ze-AV ze-fistula, ezidityaniswe ne-fistula enempilo, zivumela ukuhamba kwegazi okungcono ngexesha le-dialysis. Oku kuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo ye-dialysis, ekhokelela ekukhutshweni okungcono kwe-toxins egazini.

5. Ukunciphisa i-Clotting Risk: Ekubeni i-AV fistula luxhulumaniso lwendalo phakathi kwe-artery kunye ne-vein, inomngcipheko omncinci wokuqhafaza xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zokwenziwa. Iinaliti ze-AV ze-fistula zingasetyenziswa ngokuqhubekayo ngaphandle kweengxaki eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene nezinye iindlela zokufikelela.

Ubungakanani beeNaliti ze-AV Fistula

Iinaliti ze-AV fistula ziza ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo, zidla ngokulinganiswa ngegeyiji, emisela ubukhulu benaliti. Ubukhulu obuqhelekileyo obusetyenziswa kwi-hemodialysis bubandakanya i-14G, i-15G, i-16G kunye ne-17G.

Indlela yokukhetha ubungakanani benaliti ye-AV Fistula Needle?

Indlela yokukhetha ubude benaliti ye-AV Fistula Needle?

Iintlobo zeeNaliti ze-AV Fistula

Iintlobo ezininzi zeenaliti ze-AV fistula ziyafumaneka, ezilungiselelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zezigulane ze-dialysis. Iintlobo zinokwahluka kuyilo kunye neempawu, kubandakanywa iindlela zokukhusela kunye nokulula kokufaka.

1. Isekelwe kwizinto eziphathekayo

Iinaliti ze-AVF zenziwe ngezinto ezimbini eziphambili: isinyithi kunye neplastiki.

a) Iinaliti zeMetal: Iinaliti ze-Metal AVF zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-hemodialysis. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeenaliti zetsimbi ezisekelwe kubuchule bokucoca:

Iinaliti ezibukhali: I-Edge ibukhali, isetyenziswa kwi-cannulation yeleli yentambo.

Iinaliti eziButhuntu: Umda ungqukuva, usetyenziswa kwi-canulation yomngxuma iqhosha.

b) Iinaliti zeplastiki: Isetyenziselwa umthambo onzulu.
2. Ngokusekelwe kwiiMpawu zoKhuseleko

Iinaliti ze-AVF zikwahlulwa ngokusekelwe kubukho beendlela zokhuseleko, ezilungiselelwe ukukhusela zombini izigulane kunye nabasebenzi bezempilo kumonzakalo wengozi okanye ukosuleleka. Kukho iindidi ezimbini eziphambili:

Iinaliti ze-AVF ezilahlayo: Ezi ziinaliti eziqhelekileyo ze-AVF ngaphandle kweempawu ezongezelelweyo zokhuseleko.

Iinaliti ze-AVF zokhuseleko: Idizayinelwe kunye neendlela zokhuseleko ezakhelwe ngaphakathi, iinaliti zokhuseleko ze-AVF zixhotyiswe ukukhusela ngokuzenzekelayo okanye ukuhlehlisa inaliti emva kokusetyenziswa.

Ukuqukumbela

Iinaliti ze-AV fistula ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo ye-hemodialysis, enikezela ukufikelela okuthembekileyo kwemithambo kwizigulane ezifuna unyango lokungaphumeleli kwezintso. Ukusetyenziswa kwabo kwi-hemodialysis kuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwegazi ngokufanelekileyo, okukhokelela kwiziphumo ezifanelekileyo ze-dialysis. Ngobukhulu obuhlukeneyo kunye neentlobo, kubandakanywa ukhuseleko kunye nokukhethwa kwe-buttonhole, ezi naliti zibonelela ngenduduzo, ukuqina, kunye nokhuseleko kwizigulane zombini kunye nababoneleli bezempilo. Ukukhetha ubungakanani benaliti efanelekileyo kunye nohlobo olusekelwe kwimeko yesigulana kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa amava aphumeleleyo kwi-dialysis.