Inaliti ye-AV Fistula ye-Hemodialysis: Ukusetyenziswa, Iingenelo, Ubungakanani, kunye neendidi

Iinaliti ze-Arteriovenous (AV) fistulabadlala indima ebalulekileyo kui-hemodialysis, unyango oluxhasa ubomi kwizigulana ezinengxaki yezintso. Ezi naliti zisetyenziselwa ukufikelela kwigazi lomguli nge-AV fistula, unxibelelwano oludalwe ngotyando phakathi komthambo nomthambo, oluvumela ukuhamba kwegazi ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha lokucoca igazi. Eli nqaku liza kuhlola ukusetyenziswa, iingenelo, ubungakanani, kunye neentlobo zeenaliti ze-AV fistula ukubonelela ngesishwankathelo esipheleleyo sesi sixhobo sibalulekileyo sezonyango.

Ukusetyenziswa kweenaliti ze-AV Fistula kwi-Hemodialysis

Inaliti ye-AV fistula yenzelwe ngokukodwa izigulana ezisebenzisa i-hemodialysis. I-AV fistula, eyenziwe engalweni yesigulana, isebenza njengendawo yokufikelela ixesha elide kwinkqubo ye-dialysis. Ngexesha le-hemodialysis, inaliti ye-AV fistula ifakwa kwi-fistula, ivumela igazi ukuba liphume emzimbeni liye kumatshini we-dialysis, apho lihluzwa khona lize libuyiselwe kwisigulana.

Umsebenzi oyintloko wale naliti kukubonelela ngokufikelela okusebenzayo nokuthembekileyo kwimithambo yegazi ukuvumela ukuhamba kwegazi okufanelekileyo, okubaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo ye-dialysis ukususa iityhefu kunye nolwelo olugqithisileyo egazini ngokufanelekileyo. Ukufakwa kwenaliti ye-AV fistula kufuna ukuchaneka kunye nononophelo, njengoko ukubekwa gwenxa kunokubangela iingxaki, ezifana nokungena (xa inaliti ingena eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi), ukopha, okanye usulelo.

Iingenelo zeIinaliti ze-AV Fistula

Iinaliti ze-AV fistula zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi kumxholo we-hemodialysis, ingakumbi xa zisetyenziswa ne-fistula ezenziwe kakuhle nezigcinwe kakuhle. Ezinye zezibonelelo eziphambili ziquka:

1. Ukufikelela Ngokuthembekileyo Ekuhambeni Kwegazi: Iinaliti ze-AV fistula zenzelwe ukubonelela ngokufikelela okuzinzileyo nokuhlala ixesha elide kwimithambo yegazi. I-fistula ivumela amazinga aphezulu okuhamba kwegazi, nto leyo ebalulekileyo kwi-dialysis esebenzayo. Ukusebenzisa ezi naliti kuqinisekisa ukufikelela okufanelekileyo egazini kwaye kunceda ukugcina umgangatho weseshoni ye-dialysis.

2. Umngcipheko Oncitshisiweyo Wokosuleleka: Xa kuthelekiswaii-catheter zemithambo ephakathi(ii-CVC) ezisetyenziselwa i-dialysis, iinaliti ze-AV fistula zibeka umngcipheko omncinci wokosuleleka. Ekubeni i-AV fistula idalwe kwimithambo yegazi yesigulana, umngcipheko wokosuleleka okufana ne-bacteremia uncitshiswa kakhulu.

3. Ukuqina Okungakumbi: I-AV fistula ngokwayo yindlela ehlala ixesha elide nehlala ixesha elide yokufikelela kwimithambo yegazi kunezinye iindlela, ezifana nee-grafts ezenziweyo okanye ii-CVC. Idityaniswe neenaliti ze-AV fistula eziyilwe kakuhle, le ndlela yokufikelela ingasetyenziswa iminyaka, inciphisa isidingo seenkqubo zotyando eziphindaphindwayo.

4. Amanqanaba Okuhamba Kwegazi Aphucukileyo: Iinaliti ze-AV fistula, ezidityaniswe ne-fistula esempilweni, zivumela ukuhamba kwegazi okungcono ngexesha le-dialysis. Oku kuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo ye-dialysis, nto leyo ekhokelela ekususweni ngcono kweetyhefu egazini.

5. Umngcipheko Wokuqhina Kwegazi Oncitshisiweyo: Ekubeni i-AV fistula ilunxibelelwano lwendalo phakathi komthambo nomthambo, inomngcipheko omncinci wokuqhina kwegazi xa ithelekiswa nezinye iindlela zokwenziwa. Iinaliti ze-AV fistula zingasetyenziswa rhoqo ngaphandle kweengxaki ezixhaphakileyo ezinxulumene nezinye iindlela zokufikelela.

Ubungakanani beenaliti ze-AV Fistula

Iinaliti ze-AV fistula ziza ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo, zihlala zilinganiswa nge-gauge, echaza ububanzi benaliti. Ubukhulu obuqhelekileyo obusetyenziswa kwi-hemodialysis buquka i-14G, 15G, 16G kunye ne-17G.

Ungakhetha njani ubungakanani beenaliti ze-AV Fistula Needle?

Ungakhetha njani ubude benaliti ye-AV Fistula Needle?

Iintlobo zeenaliti ze-AV Fistula

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeenaliti ze-AV fistula, ezenzelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zezigulane ze-dialysis. Ezi ntlobo zinokwahluka ngendlela eziyilwe ngayo kunye neempawu zazo, kuquka iindlela zokhuseleko kunye nokulula kokufakwa.

1. Isekelwe kwiMpawu

Iinaliti ze-AVF zihlala zenziwe ngezinto ezimbini eziphambili: isinyithi kunye neplastiki.

a) Iinaliti zesinyithi: Iinaliti zesinyithi ze-AVF zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-hemodialysis. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeenaliti zesinyithi ezisekelwe kwindlela yokukhupha i-cannulation:

Iinaliti ezibukhali: Umphetho ubukhali, usetyenziswa ekutsaleni iintambo zeleli.

Iinaliti Ezibuthuntu: Umphetho ungqukuva, usetyenziswa ekutsaleni imingxunya yamaqhosha.

b) Iinaliti zeplastiki: Zisetyenziselwa imithambo enzulu.
2. Ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zoKhuseleko

Iinaliti ze-AVF nazo zihlulwe ngokusekwe kubukho beendlela zokhuseleko, ezenzelwe ukukhusela izigulane kunye nabasebenzi bezempilo kwingozi okanye ungcoliseko ngengozi. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili:

Iinaliti ze-AVF ezilahlwayo: Ezi ziinaliti ze-AVF eziqhelekileyo ezingenazo naziphi na iimpawu zokhuseleko ezongezelelweyo.

Iinaliti ze-AVF zoKhuseleko: Zenzelwe iindlela zokhuseleko ezakhelwe ngaphakathi, iinaliti ze-AVF zokhuseleko zixhotyiswe ukuze zikhusele okanye zibuyisele inaliti ngokuzenzekelayo emva kokusetyenziswa.

Isiphelo

Iinaliti ze-AV fistula ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo ye-hemodialysis, zibonelela ngokufikelela okuthembekileyo kwimithambo yegazi kwizigulana ezifuna unyango lokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso. Ukusetyenziswa kwazo kwi-hemodialysis kuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwegazi okusebenzayo, okukhokelela kwiziphumo ezilungileyo ze-dialysis. Ngobukhulu kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ukhuseleko kunye neendlela zokufaka amaqhosha, ezi naliti zibonelela ngentuthuzelo, ukuqina, kunye nokhuseleko kwizigulana kunye nabanikezeli beenkonzo zempilo. Ukukhetha ubungakanani kunye nohlobo lwenaliti olufanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwimeko yesigulana kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa amava e-dialysis aphumelelayo.