Iinaliti zokuqokelelwa kweGazi: Iintlobo, iiGauges, kunye nokuKhetha inaliti efanelekileyo

Ukuqokelela igazi yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yoxilongo lwezonyango, ukubeka iliso kunyango, kunye nophando. Inkqubo isoloko ibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwesixhobo esikhethekileyo esaziwa ngokuba yi-ainaliti yokuqokelela igazi. Ukukhethwa kwenaliti kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa induduzo yesigulane, ukunciphisa iingxaki, kunye nokufumana isampuli eyaneleyo yokuhlalutya. Eli nqaku liphonononga iintlobo zeenaliti zokuqokelela igazi, imilinganiselo yazo eqhelekileyo, kunye nezikhokelo zokukhetha inaliti efanelekileyo kwiimeko ezithile.

Iintlobo zeeNaliti zokuqokelelwa kwegazi

1. Iinaliti ezithe ngqoIinaliti zeVenipunctureIinaliti ezithe tye zezona ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwivenipuncture. Zincanyathiselwe kwisibambi esifaka iityhubhu zevacuum. Ezi naliti zinezinto ezininzi, zithembeke, kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo zonyango. Iinaliti ezithe tye zifaneleke ngokukodwa ukutsalwa kwegazi rhoqo kwizigulane ezinemithambo efikeleleka lula.

2. Iinaliti zebhabhathane(Iiseti zokuNgena ezinamaphiko)Iinaliti zebhabhathane zincinci, iinaliti eziguqukayo ezinamaphiko eplastiki macala omabini. Ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukutsalwa kwegazi kwimithambo emincinci okanye eethe-ethe, njengaleyo yabantwana okanye izigulana esele zikhulile. Amaphiko anikezela ukubamba kunye nokulawula okungcono, oko kubenza ukuba bafanelekele ukucela umngeni kwi-venipunctures okanye kwizigulane ezinofikelelo olunzima lwe-venous.

3. Iinaliti zokusetyenziswa kwesirinjiEzi naliti ziyilelwe ukuba zincanyathiselwe kwiisirinji zokuqokelela igazi ngesandla. Zihlala zisetyenziswa xa ulawulo oluchanekileyo lokuhamba kwegazi lufuneka okanye xa imithambo inzima ukufikelela kuyo.

4. IilancetsIiLancets zizixhobo ezincinci, ezibukhali ezisetyenziswa ikakhulu ukwenza isampulu yegazi ye-capillary. Zilungele iimeko ezifuna umthamo wegazi omncinci, njengokujongwa kweglucose okanye izinti zesithende ezisanda kuzalwa.

5. Iinaliti ezikhethekileyoEzinye iinaliti ziyilelwe usetyenziso olukhethekileyo, olufana nesampulu yegazi okanye ukunikezelwa kwegazi. Ezi zinokwahluka ngobukhulu, imilo, kunye neempawu zoyilo ukuhlangabezana neenjongo zazo ezizodwa.

IiGauji zeenaliti eziqhelekileyo ze-venipuncture

Igeyiji yenaliti ibhekisa kububanzi bayo, ngamanani amancinci abonisa iidiameter ezinkulu. Iigeyiji eziqhelekileyo zeenaliti zokuqokelela igazi ziquka:

• 21 Isilinganisi:Le yeyona geyiji isetyenziswa kakhulu xa kutsalwa igazi. Inika ibhalansi phakathi kwesantya sokuhamba kwesampuli kunye nentuthuzelo yesigulane.
• 22 Ukulinganisa:Incinci kancinci kunegeyiji engama-21, ifanelekile kwizigulana ezinemithambo emincinci okanye ebuthathaka ngakumbi, njengabantwana okanye abantu abadala.
• 23 Isilinganisi:Isetyenziswa rhoqo ngeenaliti zebhabhathane, le geyiji ifanelekile kwizigulana ezinofikelelo olunzima kwi-venous okanye ekutsaleni igazi kwimithambo emincinci.
• 25 Ukulinganisa:Isetyenziselwa imithambo eethe-ethe kakhulu, kodwa ayifane isetyenziswe kuqokelelo lwegazi olusemgangathweni ngenxa yesakhono se-hemolysis kunye nokuhamba kancinci kwegazi.
• 16-18 Ukulinganisa:Ezi ziinaliti ezinkulu ezihlala zisetyenziselwa ukunikela ngegazi okanye i-phlebotomy yonyango, apho ukuhamba kwegazi ngokukhawuleza kuyimfuneko.

Indlela yokukhetha inaliti efanelekileyo yokutsalwa kwegazi

Ukukhetha inaliti efanelekileyo yokuqokelela igazi kuquka ukuqwalasela izinto eziliqela, kuquka imeko yomguli, ukufikeleleka kwemithambo nenjongo yokutsalwa kwegazi. Ngezantsi kukho izikhokelo eziphambili:

1. Vavanya iSigulana
   • Ubudala kunye nobungakanani beVen:Kwizigulane zabantwana okanye abadala abaneemithanjeni ezincinci, inaliti ye-22 okanye i-23-gauge ingaba yinto efanelekileyo ngakumbi. Kwiintsana, inaliti ye-lancet okanye i-butterfly isetyenziswa rhoqo.
   • Imeko yeVein:Imithambo eethe-ethe, eneziva, okanye eqengqelekayo isenokufuna igeyiji encinane okanye inaliti yebhabhathane ukuze ilawuleke kakuhle.
2. Qwalasela Umthamo Wegazi Ofunekayo
   • Imiqulu emikhulu, njengaleyo ifunekayo ekunikeleni ngegazi, ifuna iigeyiji ezinkulu (i-16-18 gauge) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhamba kwegazi okufanelekileyo.
   • Kwiimvavanyo zesiqhelo zokuxilonga ezifuna umthamo omncinci, iinaliti ze-21 okanye i-22-gauge zanele.
3. Injongo yokutsalwa kwegazi
   • Kwi-venipuncture eqhelekileyo, inaliti echanekileyo ene-21-gauge ubukhulu idla ngokufanelekileyo.
   • Kwiinkqubo ezikhethekileyo, ezifana nokuqokelelwa kwegesi egazini, sebenzisa iinaliti ezilungiselelwe loo njongo.
4. Intuthuzelo Yomonde
   • Ukunciphisa ukungonwabi kubalulekile. Iinaliti ezincinci zegeyiji (umzekelo, i-22 okanye i-23) azibuhlungu kwaye zifaneleka ngcono kwizigulane ezinenaliti ye-phobia okanye isikhumba esibucayi.
5. Iingqwalasela zobuGcisa
   • I-Hemolysis Risk: Iinaliti ezincinci zegeyiji zonyusa umngcipheko we-hemolysis (ukutshatyalaliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi), ezinokuchaphazela iziphumo zovavanyo. Sebenzisa eyona geyiji inkulu ifanele umthambo kunye nemeko yesigulana.
   • UkuPhathwa ngokulula: Iinaliti zebhabhathane zibonelela ngolawulo olukhulu, zizenza zilungele amagcisa anamava okanye iivenipunctures ezicela umngeni.

IiNgcebiso eziGqwesileyo zokuQokelelwa kwegazi

• Ukulungiselela:Lungiselela ngokufanelekileyo indawo nge-antiseptic kwaye usebenzise i-tourniquet ukuze ufumane umthambo.
• Ubuchwephesha:Faka inaliti kwi-angle efanelekileyo (ngokuqhelekileyo i-15-30 degrees) kwaye uqinisekise ukudibanisa okukhuselekileyo kwinkqubo yokuqokelela.
• Unxibelelwano lwesigulana:Yazisa isigulane malunga nenkqubo yokunciphisa ixhala.
• Ukhathalelo lwasemva kweNkqubo:Faka uxinzelelo kwindawo yokugqobhoza ukuthintela ukugruzuka kunye nokuqinisekisa ukulahlwa ngokufanelekileyo kweenaliti kwisikhongozeli esibukhali.

Ukuqukumbela

Ukukhetha inaliti echanekileyo yokuqokelela igazi kubalulekile kwinkqubo eyimpumelelo, intuthuzelo yesigulane, kunye nokunyaniseka kwesampuli yegazi. Ngokuqonda iintlobo, iigeyiji eziqhelekileyo, kunye nezinto ezichaphazela ukhetho lwenaliti, abaqeqeshi bezempilo banokuphucula ukusebenza kwabo kwaye banikezele ngowona mgangatho uphezulu wokhathalelo. Uqeqesho olululo kunye nokubambelela kwezona ndlela zilungileyo ziqinisekisa ngakumbi ukuqokelelwa kwegazi okukhuselekileyo nokusebenzayo, kuxhamlisa izigulane kunye nabasebenzi.