Zithini iityhubhu zokuqokelela igazi ze-EDTA kwaye zisetyenziswa njani?

Kuvavanyo lwezonyango kunye nokuxilongwa kwezonyango kunye nonyango,Iityhubhu zokuqokelela igazi ze-EDTA, njengezinto eziphambili ezisetyenziswayo ekuqokeleleni igazi, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuthembeka kweesampuli kunye nokuchaneka kovavanyo. Kweli nqaku, siza kuhlalutya ngokubanzi lo "mlindi ongabonakaliyo" kwicandelo lezonyango ukusuka kwiinkalo zenkcazo, ukuhlelwa kombala, umgaqo wokuthintela ukujiya kwegazi, injongo yovavanyo kunye nomgangatho wokusetyenziswa.

Yintoni iItyhubhu yokuqokelelwa kwegazi ye-EDTA?

Ityhubhu yokuqokelelwa kwegazi ye-EDTA luhlobo lwetyhubhu yokuqokelelwa kwegazi equlethe i-Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid okanye ityuwa yayo, esetyenziswa kakhulu ekuqokeleleni iisampuli zegazi kunye nonyango lwe-anticoagulant. I-EDTA inokuthintela impendulo ye-coagulation cascade ngokuchela i-calcium ions egazini, ukuze igazi lihlale likwimeko yolwelo ixesha elide, kwaye ibonelele ngeesampuli ezizinzileyo zovavanyo lwenkqubo yegazi kunye nebhayoloji yemolekyuli. Ibonelela ngeesampuli ezizinzileyo zenkqubo yegazi, ibhayoloji yemolekyuli kunye nezinye iimvavanyo.

Njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yeizinto ezisetyenziswayo kwezonyango, iityhubhu zokuqokelela igazi ze-EDTA kufuneka zihambelane nomgangatho wesizwe "wezikhongozeli zokuqokelela isampuli yegazi emithanjeni ezisetyenziswa kanye" (umz. GB/T 19489-2008) ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kokungasebenzi kakuhle, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-pyrogenic kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-cytotoxicity.

Imibala eyahlukeneyo yeetyhubhu zokuqokelela igazi ze-EDTA

Ngokwemigangatho eqhelekileyo yamazwe ngamazwe (njengezikhokelo ze-CLSI H3-A6), iityhubhu zokuqokelela igazi ze-EDTA zihlala zigqunywe ngombala omfusa (EDTA-K2/K3) okanye oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-sodium citrate exutywe ne-EDTA) ukuze kwahlulwe ukusetyenziswa:

Qaphela: Ezinye iimpawu zingafakwa ikhowudi yeminye imibala, jonga imiyalelo phambi kokuba uyisebenzise.

Indlela yokuthintela ukujiya kwegazi kwiityhubhu zokuqokelela igazi ze-EDTA

I-EDTA ngokusebenzisa iqela layo le-molecular carboxyl (-COOH) kunye nee-calcium ions egazini (Ca²⁺) zidityaniswe zenze i-chelate ezinzileyo, ngaloo ndlela zithintela ukusebenza kwe-plasminogen, zithintele inkqubo yokujiya kwe-fibrinogen ibe yi-fibrin. Le anticoagulation ineempawu ezilandelayo:

1. Ukuqala ngokukhawuleza kokusebenza: ukuthintela ukujiya kwegazi kunokugqitywa kwimizuzu eli-1-2 emva kokuqokelelwa kwegazi;

2. uzinzo oluphezulu: iisampulu zingagcinwa ngaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-48 (zifakwe efrijini zingandiswa ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-72);

3. Uluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa: lufanelekile kwiimvavanyo ezininzi ze-hematology, kodwa alufanelekanga kwiimvavanyo ze-coagulation okanye ze-platelet (iityhubhu ze-sodium citrate ziyafuneka).

Izinto zovavanyo oluphambili kwityhubhu yokuqokelelwa kwegazi ye-EDTA

1. uhlalutyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo: inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi, iiparameter zeeseli ezibomvu zegazi, uxinaniso lwe-hemoglobin, njl.njl.;

2. ukuchongwa kweqela legazi kunye nokudityaniswa: Iqela legazi le-ABO, ukufunyanwa kwezinto ze-Rh;

3. ukuxilongwa kweemolekyuli: uvavanyo lwemfuza, ukuqinisekiswa komthwalo wentsholongwane (umz. i-HIV, i-HBV);

4. i-hemoglobin ene-glycated (HbA1c): ukujonga iswekile yegazi ixesha elide kwisifo seswekile;

5. Ukuhlolwa kwe-parasite yegazi: I-Plasmodium, ukufunyanwa kwe-microfilariae.

Ukusetyenziswa kwemigaqo kunye nezilumkiso

1. Inkqubo yokuqokelelwa kwezinto:

Emva kokubulala iintsholongwane eluswini, sebenzisa ngokwemigangatho yokuqokelelwa kwegazi emithanjeni;

Ngokukhawuleza emva kokuqokelelwa kwegazi, jika ityhubhu yokuqokelelwa kwegazi izihlandlo ezi-5-8 ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-anticoagulant ixutywe ngokupheleleyo negazi;

Kuphephe ukungcangcazela ngamandla (ukuthintela i-hemolysis).

2. Ukugcinwa kunye nokuthuthwa:

Gcina kubushushu begumbi (15-25°C), kuphephe ubushushu okanye ukubanda;

Beka ngokuthe nkqo ngexesha lokuthuthwa ukuze uthintele ukukhululeka kwesiciko setyhubhu.

3. iimeko zokungangqinelani:

Iityhubhu ze-sodium citrate ziyafuneka kwi-Coagulation IV (PT, APTT, njl.njl.);

Uvavanyo lomsebenzi weplatelet lufuna ityhubhu ye-sodium citrate.

Indlela yokukhetha umgangatho ophezuluItyhubhu yokuqokelelwa kwegazi ye-EDTA?

1. Iziqinisekiso kunye nesiqinisekiso: khetha iimveliso eziphumelele isiqinisekiso se-ISO13485 kunye ne-CE. 2;

2. Ukhuseleko lwezinto: umzimba wetyhubhu kufuneka ubonakale kwaye ungabi nantsalela yeplastiki;

3. Umlinganiselo ochanekileyo: ubungakanani be-anticoagulant eyongeziweyo kufuneka buhambelane nomgangatho wesizwe (umz. uxinzelelo lwe-EDTA-K2 lwe-1.8±0.15mg/mL);

4. Udumo lwebhrendi: Eyona nto iphambili inikwa iimpawu ezaziwayo kwicandelo lezinto ezisetyenziswayo kwezonyango ukuqinisekisa uzinzo lwebhetshi.

Isiphelo

Njengelungu eliphambili leisixhobo sokuqokelela igazi, iityhubhu zokuqokelelwa kwegazi ze-EDTA zinefuthe elithe ngqo ekuchanekeni kweziphumo zovavanyo ngokweempawu zazo zokulwa nokugabha kwegazi. Ngokumisela ukusetyenziswa kweetyhubhu zokuqokelelwa kwegazi ezinemibala eyahlukeneyo kunye nokuzidibanisa neenkqubo ezingqongqo zokuqokelelwa kwegazi, kunokubonelela ngesiseko esithembekileyo sokuxilongwa kwezonyango. Kwixesha elizayo, ngokuphuhliswa kwamayeza achanekileyo, iityhubhu zokuqokelelwa kwegazi ze-EDTA ziya kudlala indima ebaluleke ngakumbi kuhlalutyo lwegazi, ulandelelwano lwezakhi zofuzo kunye nezinye iinkalo, kwaye ziqhubeke nokukhusela impilo yabantu.