Intshayelelo
Ii-catheter ze-cannula ezifakwa kwi-intravenous (IV)azinakuba yinto efunekayoizixhobo zonyangoisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zonyango ukunika ulwelo, amayeza, kunye neemveliso zegazi ngqo egazini lesigulana. Eli nqaku lijolise ekunikeni ukuqonda okunzulu malungaIi-catheter ze-IV cannula, kuquka umsebenzi wazo, ubukhulu, iintlobo, kunye nezinye izinto ezifanelekileyo.
Umsebenzi we-IV Cannula Catheter
I-catheter ye-IV cannula yityhubhu ebhityileyo neguquguqukayo efakwa emthanjeni wesigulane, enika ukufikelela kwinkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi. Umsebenzi oyintloko we-IV cannula catheter kukuhambisa ulwelo olubalulekileyo, ii-electrolytes, amayeza, okanye isondlo kwisigulana, ukuqinisekisa ukufunxwa ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo egazini. Le ndlela yokungenisa inika indlela ethe ngqo nethembekileyo yokugcina ulungelelwano lolwelo, ukubuyisela umthamo wegazi olahlekileyo, kunye nokuhambisa amayeza afanelekileyo ngexesha.
Ubungakanani beeCatheters ze-IV Cannula
Ii-catheter ze-IV cannula ziyafumaneka ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo, ngokuqhelekileyo zichongwa ngenani le-gauge. I-gauge imele ububanzi benaliti ye-catheter; okukhona inani le-gauge lincinci, kokukhona ububanzi bukhulu. Ubukhulu obusetyenziswa rhoqo kwii-catheter ze-IV cannula buquka:
1. I-14 ukuya kwi-24 Gauge: Ii-cannula ezinkulu (14G) zisetyenziselwa ukufunxa ngokukhawuleza ulwelo okanye iimveliso zegazi, ngelixa iisayizi ezincinci (24G) zifanelekile ukunika amayeza kunye nezisombululo ezingadingi mazinga aphezulu okuhamba kwegazi.
2. I-18 ukuya kwi-20 Gauge: Ezi zezona zibukhulu zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo zesibhedlele ngokubanzi, zilungele uluhlu olubanzi lwezigulane kunye neemeko zonyango.
3. 22 Igeyiji: Ithathwa njengefanelekileyo kubantwana nakwizigulane ezikhulileyo okanye abo banemithambo-luvo ebuthathaka, njengoko ibangela ukungonwabi okuncinci ngexesha lokufakwa.
4. 26 Igeyiji (okanye ngaphezulu): Ezi cannula zincinci kakhulu zihlala zisetyenziselwa iimeko ezikhethekileyo, njengokunika amayeza athile okanye izigulane ezinemithambo ebuthathaka kakhulu.
Iintlobo zeeCatheters ze-IV Cannula
1. I-Peripheral IV Cannula: Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo, olufakwa kumthambo ongaphandle, oluqhele ukuba sengalweni okanye esandleni. Zenzelwe ukusetyenziswa okwethutyana kwaye zifanelekile kwizigulana ezifuna ukufikelela rhoqo okanye ngamaxesha athile.
2. I-Central Venous Catheter (i-CVC): Ezi catheter zifakwa kwimithambo emikhulu ephakathi, njenge-superior vena cava okanye i-internal jugular vein. Ii-CVC zisetyenziselwa unyango lwexesha elide, ukuthatha iisampulu zegazi rhoqo, kunye nokunikwa amayeza acaphukisayo.
3. I-Midline Catheter: Indlela ephakathi phakathi kwee-peripheral kunye nee-central catheters, ii-midline catheters zifakwa engalweni engasentla kwaye zifakwe ngentambo ngemithambo, zihlala ziphela zijikeleze ummandla we-axillary. Zifanelekile kwizigulana ezifuna unyango lwexesha elide kodwa ezingadingi ukufikelela kwimithambo emikhulu ephakathi.
4. I-Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC): I-catheter ende efakwa nge-peripheral vein (ngesiqhelo ingalo) ize iqhubeke ide incam ihlale kwi-central vein enkulu. Ii-PICC zihlala zisetyenziselwa izigulana ezifuna unyango olude lwe-intravenous okanye abo banokufikelela okuncinci kwi-peripheral vein.
Inkqubo yokufaka
Ukufakwa kwe-catheter ye-IV cannula kufuneka kwenziwe ziingcali zonyango eziqeqeshiweyo ukunciphisa iingxaki nokuqinisekisa ukuba ifakwa kwindawo efanelekileyo. Le nkqubo ngokubanzi ibandakanya la manyathelo alandelayo:
1. Uvavanyo lweSigulana: Umboneleli wezempilo uvavanya imbali yezonyango yesigulana, imeko yemithambo yegazi, kunye nazo naziphi na izinto ezinokuchaphazela inkqubo yokufaka.
2. Ukukhethwa Kwendawo: Indawo efanelekileyo yomthambo kunye nendawo yokufaka imithambo ikhethwa ngokusekwe kwimeko yesigulana, iimfuno zonyango, kunye nokufikeleleka komthambo.
3. Ukulungiselela: Indawo ekhethiweyo icocwa ngesisombululo se-antiseptic, kwaye umboneleli wezempilo unxibe iiglavu ezingenazintsholongwane.
4. Ukufakwa: Kwenziwa umngxuma omncinci eluswini, kwaye i-catheter ifakwa ngononophelo ngokusebenzisa umngxuma iye emthanjeni.
5. Ukhuseleko: Nje ukuba i-catheter ibekwe endaweni yayo, ibotshelelwa eluswini kusetyenziswa izinto zokuncamathelisa okanye izixhobo zokhuseleko.
6. Ukuhlanjwa kunye nokuPrimishwa: I-catheter ihlanjwa nge-saline okanye isisombululo se-heparinized ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-patency kwaye ithintele ukwakheka kwamahlwili.
7. Ukhathalelo emva kokufakwa: Indawo ijongwa ukuba akukho naziphi na iimpawu zosulelo okanye iingxaki, kwaye i-catheter dressing iyatshintshwa njengoko kufuneka.
Iingxaki kunye namanyathelo okuzikhusela
Nangona ii-catheter ze-IV cannula zikhuselekile ngokubanzi, kukho iingxaki ezinokubakho ekufuneka zijongwe ziingcali zempilo, kuquka:
1. Ukungena: Ukuvuza kolwelo okanye amayeza kwizicwili ezingqongileyo endaweni yomthambo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekudumbeni, kwiintlungu, kunye nomonakalo onokwenzeka kwizicwili.
2. I-Phlebitis: Ukudumba komthambo, okubangela iintlungu, ukubomvu, kunye nokudumba kwindlela yomthambo.
3. Usulelo: Ukuba iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokungabulali ntsholongwane azilandelwa ngexesha lokufakwa okanye lokunyamekela, indawo ye-catheter inokuba nosulelo.
4. Ukuvaleka: I-catheter inokuvaleka ngenxa yokuqhekeka kwegazi okanye ukuhlanjwa okungafanelekanga.
Ukuze kuncitshiswe iingxaki, ababoneleli bezempilo balandela imigaqo engqongqo yokufaka i-catheter, ukhathalelo lwendawo, kunye nokugcinwa kwayo. Izigulane ziyakhuthazwa ukuba zibike ngokukhawuleza naziphi na iimpawu zokungakhululeki, iintlungu, okanye ukubomvu kwindawo efakwe kuyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho ukungenelela ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Isiphelo
Ii-catheter ze-IV cannula zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kunyango lwanamhlanje, zivumela ukuhanjiswa okukhuselekileyo nokufanelekileyo kolwelo kunye namayeza ngqo egazini lesigulana. Ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo kunye neentlobo ezikhoyo, ezi catheter ziyakwazi ukulungelelaniswa neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zeklinikhi, ukusuka ekufikeleleni kwexesha elifutshane ukuya kunyango lwexesha elide olunemigca ephakathi. Ngokulandela iindlela ezilungileyo ngexesha lokufakwa nokugcinwa, iingcali zezempilo zinokuphucula iziphumo zesigulana kwaye zinciphise iingxaki ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwe-IV catheter, ziqinisekise unyango olukhuselekileyo nolusebenzayo kwizigulana zazo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Julayi-31-2023