Kwizonyango zanamhlanje, ingakumbi kwiulawulo lwendlela yomoya kwayei-anesthesia, iityhubhu ye-endotracheal (ETT)idlala indima yokusindisa ubomi. Esi sikhokelo sichaza yonke into ekufuneka uyazi malunga neetyhubhu ze-endotracheal—ukususela kwinjongo yazo kunye nolwakhiwo lwazo ukuya kwiintlobo zazo kunye nenkqubo yokufaka ityhubhu.
Yintoni i-Endotracheal Tube?
An ityhubhu ye-endotrachealyinto eguquguqukayoisixhobo sezonyangoIfakwa kwi-trachea (umphimbo womoya) ukuze kugcinwe umoya uvulekile, ingakumbi ngexesha lotyando okanye unyango olungxamisekileyo. Ivumela ukuhanjiswa ngqo kweoksijini, iigesi ze-anesthetic, kunye namanye amayeza emiphungeni.
Kutheni SisebenzisaIityhubhu ze-Endotracheal?
Ii-ETT zibalulekile kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zeklinikhi, ezinje:
Ukuvaleka komoya (into ebambeke kwindlela yomoya, ethintela ukuhamba komoya).
Ukubanjwa yintliziyo (ukulahlekelwa yintliziyo ngequbuliso).
Intamo yakho, isisu okanye isifuba sakho sifumana ukwenzakala okanye ukwenzakala, okuchaphazela indlela yomoya.
Xa umntu engakwazi ukuphefumla ngokungaziyo xa engazi nto okanye egula kakhulu.
Ukwenza utyando oluya kukwenza ungakwazi ukuphefumla wedwa.
Ukungaphumeleli kokuphefumla okwethutyana.
Umngcipheko wokufunxwa.
Izixhobo ze-Endotracheal Tube
Izinto eziphambili ze-endotracheal tube ziquka:
- Umzimba wetyhubhu: Yenziwe ngeplastiki okanye ngerabha, ifakwe kwi-trachea
- Ikhafu: Ifuthwe ukuze ivale indlela yomoya kwaye ithintele ukufunxwa
- Ibhaluni yomqhubi: Ibonisa uxinzelelo lwe-cuff
- Isixhumi esijikelezileyo se-15mm: Iqhagamshela kwii-ventilators okanye kwiingxowa zesandla
- Iliso likaMurphy: Iqinisekisa ukuhamba komoya nokuba incam ivaliwe
Iintlobo zee-Endotracheal Tubes
Ii-ETT ziza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezenzelwe iimfuno zesigulana kunye neemeko zotyando:
- Iityhubhu ezigobileyo okanye ezingafakwanga
- Iityhubhu zomlomo okanye zeempumlo
- Iityhubhu ezenziwe kwangaphambili (RAE)
- Iityhubhu eziqinisiweyo
- Iityhubhu ze-lumen ezimbini(ii-DLT) zokwahlulwa kwemiphunga
Umahluko phakathi kwe-Intubation kunye ne-Endotracheal Tube
Abaninzi bayawabhidanisa la magama, kodwa abhekisa kwizinto ezahlukeneyo:
- Ukufunxa: yinkqubo yezonyango apho ityhubhu ifakwa kwi-windpipe (trachea) ngomlomo okanye impumlo.Kwiimeko ezininzi ezingxamisekileyo, ifakwa ngomlomo.
- Ityhubhu ye-Endotrachea: Isixhobo esibonakalayo esifakwe ngexesha lokufakwa kwetyhubhu
Indlela Yokuqhubeka Nokufaka Intubation (Inyathelo Ngenyathelo)
Inkqubo yokufaka ityhubhu ibandakanya la manyathelo alandelayo:
- Lungisa zonke izixhobo ezifunekayo
- Faka ioksijini kwisigulana
- Nika amayeza okuthomalalisa izihlunu kunye namayeza okuphumla kwemisipha
- Jonga iintambo zelizwi usebenzisa i-laryngoscope
- Faka ityhubhu ye-endotracheal kwi-trachea
- Vuthela i-cuff ukuze uvale indlela yokungena komoya
- Qinisekisa indawo obekwe kuyo nge-capnography kunye ne-auscultation
- Khusela ityhubhu kunye nesikrini
Iingenelo zee-Endotracheal Tubes
Ingagcina indlela yokungena komoya ivulekile, ukuze oogqirha bakwazi ukunika ioksijini, amayeza, okanye i-anesthesia kwabanye abaguli abagula kakhulu okanye abangazi nto.
Xhasa ukuphefumla kwezinye izifo ezithile, ezifana ne-pneumonia, i-emphysema, ukusilela kwentliziyo, ukuwohloka kwemiphunga njalo njalo.
Nceda ukususa izinto ezivalelekileyo kwindlela yomoya.
Fumana umbono ongcono womoya ophezulu kumboneleli weenkonzo.
Khusela imiphunga yabanye abantu abangakwaziyo ukukhusela indlela yabo yomoya kwaye basengozini yokuphefumla ulwelo (aspiration).
Kutheni Ukhetha Iityhubhu Ze-Endotracheal Ezilahlwayo?
Ii-ETT ezilahlwayozibonelela ngokhuseleko oluphuculweyo kunye nokulula:
- Ulawulo oluphuculweyo losulelo
- Susa iimfuno zokucoca okanye zokubulala iintsholongwane
- Ixabiso liphantsi kwaye igcina ixesha
- Ifumaneka ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo ukuze ilingane ngcono
Iindlela ezilungileyo zokukhetha nokusebenzisa
Khetha i-ETT efanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwi:
- Ubudala besigulana kunye nokwakheka komoya
- Inkqubo ecwangcisiweyo kunye nobude bexesha
- Ukuhambelana kwezinto (kukhuselekile kwi-MRI, akukho latex, njl.njl.)
Soloko uqinisekisa indawo efanelekileyo ngokusebenzisa imifanekiso kunye neempawu zeklinikhi ukuze uphephe iingxaki.
Isiphelo
Iityhubhu ye-endotrachealsisixhobo esibalulekileyo kwi-anesthesia kunye nonyango olungxamisekileyo. Ukwazi indlela yokukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo, ukwenza i-intubation ngokukhuselekileyo, kunye nokubeka esweni ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuqinisekisa iziphumo ezingcono zesigulana kunye nolawulo oluphezulu lwendlela yomoya. Hlala usesikhathini neendlela ezilungileyo zokusebenzisa esi sixhobo sibalulekileyo sezonyango.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo)
Yintoni injongo yombhobho we-endotracheal?
Isetyenziselwa ukugcina indlela yokungena komoya ivulekile kwaye ivumela ukuba umoya ungeniswe ngoomatshini okanye unikezelo lwe-anesthesia.
Ityhubhu ye-endotracheal yahluke njani kwi-intubation?
Ityhubhu ye-endotracheal sisixhobo, ngelixa i-intubation sisenzo sokufaka ityhubhu kwi-trachea.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeetyhubhu ze-endotracheal?
Ewe, kuquka iityhubhu ezigobileyo, ezingatshixwanga, ezifakwe emlonyeni, ezimpumlweni, ezinganyangekiyo nge-laser, kunye nezine-lumen ezimbini.
Ngaba ukusebenzisa ii-ETT ezilahlwayo kungcono?
Ii-ETT ezilahlwayo zinciphisa iingozi zosulelo kwaye zisusa amanyathelo okucoca, nto leyo ezenza zikhuseleke kwaye zisebenze kakuhle.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Okthobha-24-2023