Ngokuqhambuka koguquko lwetekhnoloji yehlabathi, ishishini lezonyango litshintshile. Esekupheleni kweminyaka yo-1990, phantsi kwemvelaphi yokwaluphala kwehlabathi kunye nokukhula kwabantu kwimfuno yeenkonzo ezisemgangathweni, ukuhambisa ingxaki yezonyango kwaye kube nengxaki yokuqalisa i-hotspot yophando.
Umxholo weerobhothi zoNyango
Irobhothi yezonyango sisixhobo esinemigaqo ehambelana neemfuno zecandelo lezonyango, emva koko lenza amanyathelo athile kwaye aguqule izenzo kwintshukumo yendlela yokusebenza ngokweyona meko.
Ilizwe lethu lihlawula uphathelele kuphando kunye nophuhliso lweerobhothi zonyango.UPhando, uphuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kweerobhothi zezonyango zidlala indima efanelekileyo ekunciphiseni ukwaluphala kwelizwe lethu kunye nokukhula kwabantu ngokukhawuleza kwiinkonzo ezisemgangathweni zezonyango.
Kurhulumente, ukukhuthaza ngenkuthalo ukuphuculwa kweerobhothi zezonyango, kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphuculeni inqanaba lezenzululwazi nezobugcisa, ukudala inqanaba lokuvelisa ubugcisa, kunye nokutsala iqonga lenzululwazi yenzululwazi kunye neteleji.
Kumashishini, iirobhothi zonyango okwangoku yindawo eshushu yenqaku lehlabathi, kwaye amathuba entengiso abanzi. Uphando kunye nophuhliso lweerobhothi zonyango ngamashishini ziphucula kakhulu inqanaba lobugcisa kunye nokhuphiswano lwentengiso lwamashishini.
Ukusuka emntwini, iirobhothi zonyango zinokubonelela abantu abaneeZisombululo zoNyango ezichanekileyo nezisebenza zezempilo, ezinokuwuphucula kakhulu umgangatho wobomi babantu.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeerobhothi zonyango
According to the statistical analysis of medical robots by the International Federation of Robotics (IFR), medical robots can be divided into the following four categories according to different functions:Iirobhothi zeRogical,Iirobhothi zokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo, Iirobhothi zeNkonzo yezoNyango kunye neerobhothi zonyango.Ngokweenkcukacha-manani ezingaphelelanga kwiZiko loPhando lweS Qianzhan, ngo-2019, iirobhothi zokuhlaziya zibekwe kwindawo yentengiso ye-41%, kunye neerobhothi zenkonzo zezonyango kwaye iirobhothi zezonyango zazingafani. I-17% ne-16% ngokwahlukeneyo.
I-robot yerobhothi
Iirobhothi zerobhothi zidibanisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zeTekhnoloji, kwaye zaziwa ngokuba yi-gewel kwishishini lerobhothi. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iirobhothi, iirobhothi zoqhaqho zineempawu zomqobo ophezulu, ngokuchanekileyo, kunye nexabiso elongeziweyo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iirobhothi ze-oritoric kunye ne-neurosurustical yeerobhothi ze-subgical zineempawu ezibonakalayo zokudityaniswa kophando-zidibaniselwano, kwaye inani elikhulu leziphumo zophando zesayensi zitshintshiwe kwaye zisetyenziswe. Okwangoku, iirobhothi ze-suged zisetyenzisiwe kwi-orthopedic, i-neurosurgery, utyando lwentliziyo, gynecology kunye nolunye uhlelo eTshayina.
Imakethi encinci ye-chinases encinane i-chievical engaphantsi kwe-robot isaqhutywa ziirobhothi ezingeniswayo. Irobhothi ye-DA Vincional ngoku ibaluleke kakhulu irobhothi yerobhothi, kwaye ibiyinkokeli kwimarike yerobhothi yerobhothi ukusukela oko iqinisekisiwe yi-US FDA ngo-2000.
Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwetekhnoloji, iirobhothi zonyango zikhokelela utyando oluhlaselayo kangangexesha elitsha, kwaye imakethi ikhula ngokukhawuleza. Ngokutsho kweDatha yeDatha ye-Trend, iRoble Survial utyargical Surgical Sciergical ubungakanani be-3.8 yezigidigidi ngo-2016, kwaye baya konyusa imali engama-2021, kunye nenqanaba lokukhula kwe-19.3%.
Irobhothi yokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo
Ngokwanda kokukhulisa imeko yobudala emhlabeni wonke, imfuno yabantu yeenkonzo ezisemgangathweni ezisemgangathweni iyakhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye umsantsa phakathi kobonelelo kunye nemfuno yeenkonzo zezonyango iyaqhubeka ukwandisa. Irobhothi yokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo okwangoku yeyona nkqubo inkulu yerobhothi kwimarike yasekhaya. Isabelo sayo sentengiso sigqithile kangangokuba iirobhothi zengxande. I-'Sherdar yayo yobugcisa kunye neendleko ziphantsi kuneirobhothi zoqhaqho. Ngokwemisebenzi yayo, inokwahlulwa ibe yiyoIirobhothi ze-exosketonkwayeIirobhothi zoqeqesho lwaseburhulumenteni.
Iirobhothi zomntu kwi-Intanethi zidibanisa iingcinga, ulawulo, ulwazi, kunye nekhompyuter yokubonelela ngoomatshini bokuziphatha olwenziweyo okanye bancede abaguli kwimisebenzi edibeneyo kwaye bancedisa ukuhamba.
Irobhothi yoqeqesho lokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo luhlobo lwerobhothi yezonyango enceda abaguli ekusebenziseni impilo yokuqala. Iimveliso zayo zibandakanya irobhothi ephezulu ye-limb, irobhothi ephantsi ye-limb, i-bitsing efihlakeleyo ye-Hobhothi, iMpilo yeMpilo yezeMpilo, njl.
Irobhothi yenkonzo yezonyango
Xa kuthelekiswa neerobhothi zeRogical kunye neerobhothi zokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo, iirobhothi zenkonzo yezonyango zinomqobo ophantsi wobugcisa, zidlale indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwicandelo lezonyango, kwaye ube namandla okusebenza. Umzekelo, ukubonisana ngomnxeba, ukhathalelo lwesigulana, ukusweleka kwesigulana, uncedo kwizigulana ezinemiyalelo enqumlayo, ukuhanjiswa kwee-elebhu ze-china, iinkampani ze-chietah ezifana nokuhlola iirobhothi zenkonzo yezonyango.
I-robot yoncedo lwezonyango
Iirobhothi zoncedo lwezonyango ikakhulu zisetyenziselwa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zonyango zabantu abanokuhamba okanye ukungakwazi ukusebenza. Umzekelo, iirobhothi zokonga zaphuhliswa phayaa zibandakanya irobhothi yerobhothi "Unonophelo-O-Bot-2" eJamani, kunye "neRobhere" kunye " Banokwenza imisebenzi yendlu, elinganayo nabasebenzi abaninzi, kwaye banokuthetha nabantu, banika intuthuzelo ngokweemvakalelo abahlala bodwa.
Omnye umzekelo, uphando nophuhliso lwendlela yokuqhutywa kweRobothi yasekhaya ikakhulu ibudlelane babantwana kunye nomzi mveliso wemfundo ekwemfundo. The representative one is the “ibotn Children's Companion Robot” developed by Shenzhen Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., which integrates three core functions of child care, child companionship and children's education. Zonke, zenza isisombululo esinye sokumisa abantwana.
Ithemba loPhuhliso lweShishini leRobhothi yaseTshayina
Itekhnoloji:Ii-hotspots ezikhoyo zangoku kwishishini lerobhothi yezonyango yimiba emihlanu: Uyilo lweRobot yeRobot, iTekhnoloji yokuHanjiswa kweNkqubo, itekhnoloji yokudityaniswa kwenkqubo, kunye netekhnoloji ye-susion ye-furion ye-furion yedatha ye-furion. Imeko yophuhliso lwexesha elizayo kukuzibandakanya, ubukrelekrele, ubumbili, ukudityaniswa kunye nokucoca. Kwangelo xesha, kuyimfuneko ukuqhubeka ngokuphucula ukuchaneka, ukuphazamiseka okuncinci, ukhuseleko kunye nokuzinza kweerobhothi.
Intengiso:Ngokwemozulu yezulu yehlabathi, ukwaluphala kwabemi baseTshayina kuya kuba nzulu kakhulu ngama-2050, kwaye ama-35% abantu aya kuba ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala. Iirobhothi zonyango zinokufumana iimpawu ezichanekileyo zabaguli, zinciphise iimpazamo zomsebenzi wezandla, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwezonyango, ngokwenza oko, ngaloo ndlela ukusombulula ingxaki yokubonelela ngeenkonzo zonyango lwasekhaya, kwaye ube nethemba elihle lentengiso. UYang Guangzshong, umfundi weSikolo seNkulumbu-Obunjini, ukholelwa ukuba iirobhothi zonyango okwangoku zezona ndawo zithembisayo kwintengiso yerobhothi yasekhaya. Kuzonke, phantsi kwe-drive yendlela ezimbini yokubonelela kunye nemfuno, iirobhothi zonyango zaseChina ziya kuba nendawo enkulu yokukhula kwixesha elizayo.
Iitalente:Inkqubo yophando kunye nophuhliso lweerobhothi zezonyango ibandakanya ulwazi lwamayeza, isayensi yekhompyuter, isayensi yedatha, i-biomechanics kunye nolunye uhlobo lweetalente ezinxulumene nokungxamisekileyo zisantya ngokungxamisekileyo. Ezinye iikholeji kunye neeyunivesithi ziqalile ukongeza i-shijors ezinxulumene neeqonga zophando. Umzekelo, ngoDisemba ngo-2017, iYunivesithi yokuThutha i-Shanghai iseke iZiko loPhando lweRobot yezonyango; Ngo-2018, iYunivesithi yaseTiajin yakhokelela ekunikeleni eyona "yobunjineli bobukrelekrele bonyango"; Eyona nto yavunywa, kwaye i-China yaba lilizwe lokuqala emhlabeni ukumisela isidanga sakho esikhethekileyo sokuqeqesha italente yobunjineli.
Imali:Ngokweenkcukacha-manani, ukuphela kuka-2019, iyonke yemicimbi ye-112 yenzekile kwicandelo leerobhothi zonyango. Inqanaba lezemali ligxile kakhulu kumjikelo. Ngaphandle kweenkampani ezimbalwa ezinemali enye ye-100 yezigidi zeYuan, uninzi lweeprojekthi zezonyango zinemali eyi-10 yezigidi, kunye nokuxhasa ngemali iiprojekthi ezijikelezayo eziphakathi kwesigidi seYuan kunye ne-10 yezigidi yuan.
Okwangoku, zingaphezulu kwe-100 yeenkampani zokuqala zerobhothi e-China, ezinye zezona zikomizi-mveliso lweerobhothi zerobhothi okanye zezonyango. Kwaye ii-capitals ezinkulu ezaziwayo ezifana ne-Zhenton, i-IDG enkulu, i-Tusings Fund, kunye ne-GGV imali ye-GGV sele iqalile ukuhambisa kunye nokukhawulezisa isantya sendawo yezonyango. Ukuphuhliswa kwemveliso yeerobhothi zezonyango kufikile kwaye kuyaqhubeka.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: UJan-06-2023