Ngokuqhambuka kwenguquko entsha yetekhnoloji yehlabathi, ishishini lezonyango liye lenza utshintsho oluguqukayo.Ngasekupheleni kwee-1990s, phantsi kwemvelaphi yokuguga kwehlabathi kunye nokunyuka kwemfuno yabantu yeenkonzo zonyango ezikumgangatho ophezulu, iirobhothi zonyango zinokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo umgangatho weenkonzo zonyango kunye nokunciphisa ingxaki yokungabikho kwezixhobo zonyango ezingonelanga, eziye zatsala ingqalelo ebanzi kwaye iye yaba yingxaki yokungaphumeleli kwezixhobo zonyango. indawo yophando lwangoku.
Ingcamango yeerobhothi zonyango
IRobhothi yezoNyango sisixhobo esihlanganisa iinkqubo ezihambelanayo ngokweemfuno zecandelo lezonyango, emva koko lenze izenzo ezichaziweyo kwaye liguqule izenzo ekuhambeni kwendlela yokusebenza ngokwemeko eyiyo.
Ilizwe lethu linika ingqwalasela ephezulu kuphando kunye nophuhliso lweerobhothi zonyango.Uphando, uphuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kweerobhothi zonyango zidlala indima enhle ekunciphiseni ukuguga kwelizwe lethu kunye nemfuno yabantu ekhula ngokukhawuleza yeenkonzo zonyango ezikumgangatho ophezulu.
Kuba urhulumente, ekhuthaza ngenkuthalo uphuhliso lwerobhothi zonyango, kunokubaluleka okukhulu ukuphucula inqanaba lelizwe lethu lezenzululwazi kunye nethekhnoloji, ukudala inqanaba lokusungula iteknoloji, kunye nokutsala iitalente eziphezulu zenzululwazi kunye nezobuchwepheshe.
Kumashishini, iirobhothi zonyango ngoku ziyintsimi eshushu yokuqwalaselwa kwehlabathi, kwaye amathemba emarike abanzi.Uphando kunye nophuhliso lweerobhothi zonyango ngamashishini anokuphucula kakhulu inqanaba lobugcisa kunye nokhuphiswano lwemarike lwamashishini.
Ukusuka emntwini, iirobhothi zonyango zinokubonelela abantu ngezisombululo ezichanekileyo, ezisebenzayo kunye nezobuqu zonyango kunye nempilo, ezinokuphucula kakhulu umgangatho wobomi babantu.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zerobhothi zonyango
Ngokohlalutyo lwamanani eerobhothi zonyango yi-International Federation of Robotics (IFR), iirobhothi zonyango zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezine ezilandelayo ngokwemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo:iirobhothi zotyando,iirobhothi zokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili, iirobhothi zenkonzo yezonyango kunye neerobhothi zoncedo lwezonyango.Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelelanga zeQianzhan Industry Research Institute, ngo-2019, iirobhothi zokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili zibekwe kwindawo yokuqala kwisabelo sentengiso yeerobhothi zonyango nge-41%, iirobhothi zoncedo lwezonyango zibalelwa kwi-26%, kwaye ubungakanani beerobhothi zenkonzo yezonyango kunye neerobhothi zotyando zazingeninzi. ezahlukeneyo.I-17% kunye ne-16% ngokulandelelanayo.
Irobhothi yotyando
Iirobhothi zotyando zidibanisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa obuphezulu, kwaye zaziwa njengelitye elinqabileyo kwisithsaba soshishino lweerobhothi.Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iirobhothi, iirobhothi zotyando zineempawu zomgangatho ophezulu wobugcisa, ukuchaneka okuphezulu, kunye nexabiso eliphezulu elongezelelweyo.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iirobhothi ze-orthopedic kunye ne-neurosurgical yeerobhothi zotyando zineempawu ezicacileyo zokudityaniswa kophando lweyunivesithi-iyunivesithi, kwaye inani elikhulu leziphumo zophando lwezenzululwazi ziye zatshintshwa zasetyenziswa.Okwangoku, iirobhothi zotyando zisetyenzisiwe kwi-orthopedics, neurosurgery, utyando lwentliziyo, i-gynecology kunye nolunye utyando eTshayina.
Imakethi yerobhothi yotyando oluncinci yaseTshayina isalawulwa ziirobhothi ezisuka kumazwe angaphandle.Irobhothi yotyando iDa Vinci ngoku yeyona robhothi iphumeleleyo kancinane, kwaye ibeyinkokeli kwimakethi yerobhothi yotyando ukusukela oko yaqinisekiswa yi-FDA yase-US ngo-2000.
Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwetekhnoloji, iirobhothi zotyando zikhokelela kuqhaqho oluncinci kwixesha elitsha, kwaye intengiso ikhula ngokukhawuleza.Ngokwedatha ye-Trend Force, ubungakanani bemakethi yerobhothi yotyando yehlabathi ibimalunga neebhiliyoni ezi-3.8 zeedola ngo-2016, kwaye iya kunyuka iye kuthi ga kwi-9.3 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2021, ngesantya sokukhula esidibeneyo se-19.3%.
Irobhothi yokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili
Ngokukhula kwendlela yokuguga kwihlabathi liphela, imfuno yabantu yeenkonzo zonyango ezikumgangatho ophezulu ikhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye umsantsa phakathi kobonelelo kunye nemfuno yeenkonzo zonyango uyaqhubeka usanda.Irobhothi yokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili yeyona nkqubo yerobhothi inkulu kwimarike yasekhaya.Isabelo sayo semarike sigqithe kakhulu eso serobhothi zotyando.Umda wobugcisa kunye neendleko zingaphantsi kuneerobhothi zotyando.Ngokwemisebenzi yayo, inokwahlulwa ibeiirobhothi exoskeletonkwayeiirobhothi zoqeqesho lokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili.
Iirobhothi ze-exoskeleton zabantu zidibanisa ubugcisa obuphezulu obufana nokuziva, ukulawula, ulwazi, kunye nekhompyutheni yeselula ukubonelela abaqhubi ngesakhiwo esinxitywayo somatshini esenza ukuba irobhothi izimele okanye incedise izigulane kwimisebenzi edibeneyo kunye nokuncedisa ukuhamba.
Irobhothi yoqeqesho lokubuyisela luhlobo lwerobhothi yonyango enceda izigulane kuqeqesho lokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili.Iimveliso zayo ziquka i-robot yokubuyisela amalungu aphezulu, i-robot yokubuyisela imilenze ephantsi, isitulo esinamavili esikrelekrele, i-robot yoqeqesho lwezempilo olusebenzayo, njl njl. amaxabiso ahlala ephezulu.
Irobhothi yenkonzo yezonyango
Xa kuthelekiswa neerobhothi zotyando kunye neerobhothi zokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo, iirobhothi zenkonzo yezonyango zinomgangatho ophantsi wobugcisa, zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwicandelo lezonyango, kwaye zinethemba elibanzi losetyenziso.Ngokomzekelo, ukubonisana nge-telemedicine, ukunakekelwa kwezigulane, ukutshatyalaliswa kwesibhedlele, uncedo kwizigulane ezinokuhamba okulinganiselwe, ukuhanjiswa kwee-odolo zebhubhoratri, njl njl. E-China, iinkampani zobuchwepheshe ezifana ne-HKUST Xunfei kunye ne-Cheetah Mobile zihlola ngokuqhubekayo uphando kwiirobhothi zenkonzo yonyango ehlakaniphile.
Irobhothi yoncedo lwezonyango
Iirobhothi zoncedo lwezonyango zisetyenziswa ikakhulu ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zonyango zabantu abanokuhamba okulinganiselweyo okanye abangakwaziyo ukusebenza.Umzekelo, iirobhothi zokonga eziphuhliswe phesheya zibandakanya irobhothi enesidima "care-o-bot-3" eJamani, kunye ne "Rober" kunye ne "Resyone" ephuhliswe eJapan.Banokwenza umsebenzi wasekhaya, olingana nabasebenzi abaninzi bomongikazi, kwaye banokuthetha nabantu, benikela intuthuzelo yeemvakalelo kubantu abadala abahlala bodwa.
Omnye umzekelo, uphando kunye nesikhokelo sophuhliso lweerobhothi ezingamaqabane zasekhaya zenzelwe ubuqabane babantwana kunye neshishini lemfundo yasekuqaleni.Ummeli "yi-ibotn yaBantwana eyi-Robot" ephuhliswe yi-Shenzhen Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., edibanisa imisebenzi emithathu engundoqo yokunyamekela abantwana, ubuqabane babantwana kunye nemfundo yabantwana.Yonke into enye, ukudala isisombululo esisodwa sobuqabane babantwana.
Ithemba lophuhliso loshishino lwerobhothi lwezonyango lwaseTshayina
Itekhnoloji:Iindawo zophando lwangoku kwishishini lerobhothi zonyango yimiba emihlanu: uyilo lokuphucula irobhothi, itekhnoloji yotyando lokuhamba, itekhnoloji yokudityaniswa kwenkqubo, iteleoperation kunye netekhnoloji yotyando olukude, kunye ne-Intanethi yonyango enkulu yokudibanisa idatha.Umkhwa wophuhliso lwexesha elizayo bubuchule, ubukrelekrele, i-miniaturization, indibaniselwano kunye ne-remoterzation.Ngexesha elifanayo, kuyimfuneko ukuqhubeka nokuphucula ukuchaneka, ukuhlaselwa okuncinci, ukhuseleko kunye nokuzinza kweerobhothi.
Imarike:Ngokwengqikelelo yoMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi, ukuguga kwabantu baseTshayina kuya kuba kubi kakhulu ngo-2050, kwaye i-35% yabemi iya kuba ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala.Iirobhothi zonyango zinokufumanisa ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi iimpawu zezigulane, ukunciphisa iimpazamo zokusebenza ngesandla, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwezonyango, ngaloo ndlela zisombulula ingxaki yokungonelanga kweenkonzo zonyango zasekhaya, kwaye zibe nethemba elihle lemarike.UYang Guangzhong, isifundiswa seRoyal Academy of Engineering, ukholelwa ukuba iirobhothi zonyango ngoku yeyona ndawo ithembisayo kwimarike yerobhothi yasekhaya.Lilonke, phantsi kweendlela ezimbini zokubonelela kunye nemfuno, iirobhothi zonyango zaseTshayina ziya kuba nendawo enkulu yokukhula kwimarike kwixesha elizayo.
Iitalente:inkqubo yophando kunye nophuhliso lweerobhothi zonyango ibandakanya ulwazi lwezamayeza, isayensi yekhompyuter, isayensi yedatha, i-biomechanics kunye nolunye uqeqesho olunxulumeneyo, kunye nemfuno yeetalente zezifundo ezahlukeneyo ezinemvelaphi yezifundo ezininzi zingxamisekile.Ezinye iikholeji kunye neeyunivesithi sele ziqalisile ukongeza ii-majors kunye namaqonga ophando lwesayensi.Ngokomzekelo, ngoDisemba 2017, iYunivesithi yezoThutho yaseShanghai yaseka i-Medical Robot Research Institute;ngo-2018, iYunivesithi yaseTianjin yakhokela ekuboneleleni ngeyona nto iphambili ye "Intelligent Medical Engineering";Enkulu yamkelwa, kwaye i-China yaba lilizwe lokuqala kwihlabathi ukuseka isidanga esikhethekileyo sokuqeqesha iitalente zobunjineli bokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili.
Inkxaso-mali:Ngokwezibalo, ekupheleni kuka-2019, zizonke izehlo zenkxaso-mali ezili-112 zenzeke kwicandelo leerobhothi zonyango.Inqanaba lenkxaso-mali ligxile kakhulu kumjikelo ka-A.Ngaphandle kweenkampani ezimbalwa ezinenkxaso-mali enye engaphezulu kwe-100 lezigidi zeeyuan, uninzi lweeprojekthi zerobhothi zonyango zinemali enye ye-yuan yezigidi ezili-10, kwaye isixa-mali seprojekthi yeengelosi ezijikelezayo sisasazwa phakathi kwesigidi esi-1 kunye ne-10 yezigidi zeeyuan.
Okwangoku, zingaphezulu kwe-100 iinkampani zokuqalisa iirobhothi zonyango e-China, ezinye zazo luyilo lweshishini lwerobhothi yeshishini okanye iinkampani zezixhobo zonyango.Kwaye ii-capital venture ezinkulu ezaziwayo ezifana ne-ZhenFund, i-IDG Capital, i-TusHoldings Fund, kunye ne-GGV Capital sele iqalile ukuhambisa nokukhawulezisa isantya sabo kwintsimi yeerobhothi zonyango.Uphuhliso loshishino lwerobhothi lwezonyango lufikile kwaye luya kuqhubeka.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-06-2023